PHP DEVELOPER
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Rasmus Lerdorf, who wrote the
original Common
Gateway Interface (CGI) component together with Andi Gutmans and Zeev Suraski, who rewrote the parser that formed PHP 3 |
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PHP is an open source general-purpose server-si
de scripting language originally designed for Web development to produce dynamic Web pages. It is one of the first developed server-side scripting languages to be embedded into an HTML source document rather than calling an external file to process data. The code is interpreted by a Web server with a PHP processor module which generates the resulting Web page. It also has evolved to include a command-line interface capability and can be used in standalone graphical applications. PHP can be deployed on most Web servers and also as a standalone shell on almost every operating system and platform, free of charge. A competitor to Microsoft's Active Server Pages (ASP) server-side script engine and similar languages, PHP is installed on more than 20 million Web sites and 1 million Web servers. Software that uses PHP includes Drupal, Joomla, MediaWiki, and WordPress.
de scripting language originally designed for Web development to produce dynamic Web pages. It is one of the first developed server-side scripting languages to be embedded into an HTML source document rather than calling an external file to process data. The code is interpreted by a Web server with a PHP processor module which generates the resulting Web page. It also has evolved to include a command-line interface capability and can be used in standalone graphical applications. PHP can be deployed on most Web servers and also as a standalone shell on almost every operating system and platform, free of charge. A competitor to Microsoft's Active Server Pages (ASP) server-side script engine and similar languages, PHP is installed on more than 20 million Web sites and 1 million Web servers. Software that uses PHP includes Drupal, Joomla, MediaWiki, and WordPress.
PHP was originally created by Rasmus Lerdorf
in 1995. The main implementation of PHP is now produced by The PHP
Group and serves as the formal reference to the PHP language. PHP is free software released under the PHP License, which is incompatible with the GNU General Public License (GPL) due to restrictions on the usage of the term PHP.
PHP development began in 1994 when the programmer Rasmus Lerdorf initially created a set of Perl scripts he called "Personal Home Page Tools" to maintain his personal homepage. The scripts performed tasks such as displaying his résumé and recording his web-page traffic. Lerdorf initially announced the release of PHP on the comp.infosystems.www.authoring.cgi Usenet discussion group on June 8, 1995.He rewrote these scripts as Common Gateway Interface (CGI) binaries in C, extending them to add the ability to work with Web forms and to communicate with databases and called this implementation "Personal Home Page/Forms Interpreter" or PHP/FI. PHP/FI could be used to build simple, dynamic Web applications. Lerdorf released PHP/FI as "Personal Home Page Tools (PHP Tools) version 1.0" publicly on June 8, 1995, to accelerate bug location and improve the code.
This release already had the basic functionality that PHP has today.
This included Perl-like variables, form handling, and the ability to
embed HTML. The syntax was similar to Perl but was more limited and simpler, although less consistent. A development team began to form and, after months of work and beta testing, officially released PHP/FI 2 in November 1997.
Zeev Suraski and Andi Gutmans rewrote the parser in 1997 and formed the base of PHP 3, changing the language's name to the recursive initialism PHP: Hypertext Preprocessor. Afterward, public testing of PHP 3 began, and the official launch came in June 1998. Suraski and Gutmans then started a new rewrite of PHP's core, producing the Zend Engine in 1999. They also founded Zend Technologies in Ramat Gan, Israel.
On May 22, 2000, PHP 4, powered by the Zend Engine 1.0, was released.
As of August 2008 this branch is up to version 4.4.9. PHP 4 is no
longer under development nor will any security updates be released.
On July 13, 2004, PHP 5 was released, powered by the new Zend Engine II. PHP 5 included new features such as improved support for object-oriented programming,
the PHP Data Objects (PDO) extension (which defines a lightweight and
consistent interface for accessing databases), and numerous performance
enhancements. In 2008 PHP 5 became the only stable version under development. Late static binding had been missing from PHP and was added in version 5.3.
A new major version has been under development alongside PHP 5 for
several years. This version was originally planned to be released as PHP
6 as a result of its significant changes, which included plans for full
Unicode support. However, Unicode support took developers much longer
to implement than originally thought, and the decision was made in March
2010 to move the project to a branch, with features still under development moved to trunk.
Changes in the new code include the removal of
register_globals, magic quotes, and safe mode.
The reason for the removals was that register_globals had opened
security holes by intentionally allowing runtime data injection, and the
use of magic quotes had an unpredictable nature. Instead, to escape
characters, magic quotes may be replaced with the addslashes() function,
or more appropriately an escape mechanism specific to the database
vendor itself like mysql_real_escape_string() for MySQL. Functions that will be removed in future versions and have been deprecated in PHP 5.3 will produce a warning if used.
Many high-profile open-source projects ceased to support PHP 4 in new
code as of February 5, 2008, because of the GoPHP5 initiative, provided by a consortium of PHP developers promoting the transition from PHP 4 to PHP 5.
Since version 5.4, PHP has native support for Unicode or multibyte strings, allowing strings as well as class-, method-, and function-names to contain non-ASCII characters.
PHP interpreters are available on both 32-bit and 64-bit operating systems, but on Microsoft Windows the only official distribution is a 32-bit implementation, requiring Windows 32-bit compatibility mode while using Internet Information Services
(IIS) on a 64-bit Windows platform. Experimental 64-bit versions of PHP
5.3.0 were briefly available for MS Windows, but have since been
removed.
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J-QUERY DEVELOPER's
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Corey Frang (Chicago, United States)
Infrastructure LeadCorey is an active contributor to most of the jQuery teams and is active in jQuery community on IRC, and Stack Overflow. He restructured the effects modules in both UI and Core, maintains the jQuery Color Animations plugin, and puppeteers the new jQuery servers. He hopes that his work will “effect” your websites positively.
Scott González (North Carolina, United States)
jQuery UI Project LeadSecretary
Scott is a web developer living in Raleigh, NC. As the jQuery UI Project Lead, he puts a lot of effort into maintaining the existing code base to make sure it is small, efficient and consistent. Scott also leads the accessibility team and works with new contributors to help improve the project and the community.
Dan Heberden (Oregon, United States)
Technology LeadDave Methvin (United States)
President
Dave is a long-time contributor to jQuery, providing extensive help on the jQuery bug tracker and in the jQuery discussion forums. As the lead of the jQuery dev team he works to ensure high quality, timely, releases of the library, organizes the planning and development efforts of the team, and generally drives the direction of the library.
Todd Parker (Boston, United States)
Dave Methvin (United States)
jQuery Core LeadPresident
Dave is a long-time contributor to jQuery, providing extensive help on the jQuery bug tracker and in the jQuery discussion forums. As the lead of the jQuery dev team he works to ensure high quality, timely, releases of the library, organizes the planning and development efforts of the team, and generally drives the direction of the library.
Todd Parker (Boston, United States)
jQuery Mobile LeadTodd, a principal at Filament Group Inc., is a jQuery board member and project and design lead for the jQuery Mobile team. He is involved with the design of the ThemeRoller application and CSS class frameworks. Todd is co-author of the Peachpit book “Designing With Progressive Enhancement”, contributor to the O’Reilly “jQuery Cookbook” and frequent presenter on the topics of mobile, progressive enhancement, accessibility, and responsive web design.
John Resig (Boston, United States)
John was the original creator of the jQuery library. He works with
the jQuery dev team and the jQuery board to help set the direction of
the project
Leah Silber (California, United States)
Events LeadCommunity and Marketing Committee Chair
Leah is responsible for jQuery fundraising and event management, as
well as for online marketing and sponsorship initiatives, like the 14
Days of jQuery. She co-founded Tilde,
an open source startup in San Francisco. She previously worked as a
consultant for clients in the tech sector, and was employed managing the
Community Marketing and Events department at Engine Yard. She runs GoGaRuCo,
the annual San Francisco Ruby Conference, and in 2010, started and ran
the Ruby Summer of Code program. She is originally from Brooklyn, NY and
now lives in San Francisco, CA with her husband.
Adam Sontag (New York, United States)
Director of Developer Relations and Marketing
Adam J. Sontag is a New York City-based developer with Boston’s Bocoup.
He’s the Developer Relations lead for jQuery and jQuery UI and co-host
of the yayQuery podcast. In other words, he’s dedicated to keeping the
jQuery project in sync with the community’s needs and wants.
Rick Waldron (Boston, United States)
Rick Waldron works at Bocoup in Boston, where he is a JavaScript enthusiast and evangelist and jQuery core committer.Ralph Whitbeck (New York, United States)
Ralph is a Senior Developer at appendTo, LLC
where he works with an awesome team of designers and developers
delivering Front-end code for clients. Example projects include
responsive web, widget development, product development, HTML5/CSS3, and
much more. Ralph has been a member of the board since October 2009.Richard D. Worth (Washington, D.C., United States)
Executive Director
Richard D. Worth is Executive Director of the jQuery Foundation. He
lives in the Washington, D.C. area and works for Bocoup, training mobile
and web developers in JavaScript, jQuery, and jQuery UI.
Jörn Zaefferer (Cologne, Germany)
Testing LeadjQuery UI Development Lead
Jörn is a freelance web developer, consultant and trainer, based in Cologne, Germany.
Jörn evolved jQuery’s
testsuite into QUnit, a JavaScript unit testing framework, and maintains
it. He created and maintains a number of popular plugins.
As a jQuery UI development lead, he focuses on the development of new plugins, widgets and utilities.
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CSS DEVELOPER
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Style sheets have existed in one form or another since the beginnings of SGML
in the 1980s. Cascading Style Sheets were developed as a means for
creating a consistent approach to providing style information for web
documents.As HTML grew, it came to encompass a wider variety of stylistic capabilities to meet the demands of web developers. This evolution gave the designer more control over site appearance, at the cost of more complex HTML. Variations in web browser implementations, such as ViolaWWW and WorldWideWeb, made consistent site appearance difficult, and users had less control over how web content was displayed. Robert Cailliau wanted to separate the structure from the presentation.
The ideal way would be to give the user different options and
transferring three different kinds of style sheets: one for printing,
one for the presentation on the screen and one for the editor feature.
To improve web presentation capabilities, nine different style sheet languages were proposed to the World Wide Web Consortium's
(W3C) www-style mailing list. Of the nine proposals, two were chosen as
the foundation for what became CSS: Cascading HTML Style Sheets (CHSS)
and Stream-based Style Sheet Proposal (SSP). CHSS, a language that has
some resemblance to today's CSS, was proposed by Håkon Wium Lie in October 1994. Bert Bos was working on a browser called Argo, which used its own style sheet language called SSP. Lie and Yves Lafon joined Dave Raggett to expand the Arena browser for supporting CSS as a testbed application for the W3C.
Lie and Bos worked together to develop the CSS standard (the 'H' was
removed from the name because these style sheets could also be applied
to other markup languages besides HTML).
Unlike existing style languages like DSSSL and FOSI, CSS allowed a document's style to be influenced by multiple style sheets. One style sheet could inherit or "cascade" from another, permitting a mixture of stylistic preferences controlled equally by the site designer and user.
Lie's proposal was presented at the "Mosaic and the Web" conference (later called WWW2) in Chicago, Illinois in 1994, and again with Bert Bos in 1995.
Around this time the W3C was already being established, and took an
interest in the development of CSS. It organized a workshop toward that
end chaired by Steven Pemberton.
This resulted in W3C adding work on CSS to the deliverables of the HTML
editorial review board (ERB). Lie and Bos were the primary technical
staff on this aspect of the project, with additional members, including
Thomas Reardon of Microsoft, participating as well. In August 1996 Netscape Communication Corporation presented an alternative style sheet language called JavaScript Style Sheets (JSSS). The spec was never finished and is deprecated. By the end of 1996, CSS was ready to become official, and the CSS level 1 Recommendation was published in December.
Development of HTML, CSS, and the DOM had all been taking place in one group, the HTML Editorial Review Board (ERB). Early in 1997, the ERB was split into three working groups: HTML Working group, chaired by Dan Connolly of W3C; DOM Working group, chaired by Lauren Wood of SoftQuad; and CSS Working group, chaired by Chris Lilley of W3C.
The CSS Working Group began tackling issues that had not been
addressed with CSS level 1, resulting in the creation of CSS level 2 on
November 4, 1997. It was published as a W3C Recommendation on May 12,
1998. CSS level 3, which was started in 1998, is still under development
as of 2009.
In 2005 the CSS Working Groups decided to enforce the requirements
for standards more strictly. This meant that already published standards
like CSS 2.1, CSS 3 Selectors and CSS 3 Text were pulled back from
Candidate Recommendation to Working Draft level.
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